Vitellaria paradoxa

About Vitellaria paradoxa

Vitellaria paradoxa, or commonly known as Shea Butter Tree is a deciduous tree with a spreading crown and grows about 25 m in height. It is indigenous to Africa and is the sole species in the Vitellaria genus. Its bark is corky. The leaves are oblong and clustered at the ends of branches. The flowers are white and clustered at the ends of shoots. The fruits are flat and round containing up to four shiny brown seeds. Fruiting commence 10-15 years after planting but full production occurs at 20-30 years. Medicinally, Shea Butter is used for topical medicines against rheumatic and joint pains, wounds, swellings, dermatitis, bruises, and other skin conditions. It is also useful as relief from nasal congestion and rhinitis. The leaves are used to treat stomach pain and headache, and as eye bath. Ground roots and bark are used to treat diarrhea, jaundice, and stomach ache. Bark infusions have antimicrobial properties and are used against dysentery. Bark decoction, on the other hand, are used in baths to facilitate childbirth and stimulate lactation among feeding mothers. Seed kernel contains fat, also called as shea butter, which is white, odorless, and of high quality. It is used for cooking, pastries, and confectionery, and as an excellent substitute for cocoa butter. It is also used in cosmetic products, soap, and candles. Mature fruits are eaten fresh and flowers are made into fritters. The bark yields reddish latex which is used as a chewing gum, or made into glue and balls as toys. In addition to the above-mentioned uses, the tree is also planted for soil and water conservation purposes as well as for environmental protection. The wood is moderately heavy and resistant to termites. It is used for poles, house posts, rafters, flooring, utensils, and furniture. It is also an excellent fuel wood and can be made into charcoal.

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